Pleural effusion caused by Rickettsia felis infection
Abstract
Introduction: Rickettsia felis, a Gram-negative obligate intracellular prokaryotic organism, causes human infections with atypical clinical presentations, commonly including fever, fatigue, headache, and maculopapular rash.
Case presentation: This study presents a rare case of pleural effusion (PE) associated with R. felis infection, confirmed through targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS). The patient showed significant clinical improvement and resolution of PE following empirical moxifloxacin followed by pathogen-directed therapy with rifampicin and azithromycin, along with supportive measures for circulation and immune function.
Conclusions: This case report aims to enhance early diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for R. felis infections by sharing the diagnostic and management experience.
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Evidence Hub reads this as a case report, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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