In-vitro Activity of Moxifloxacin against Theileria annulata - A Preliminary Study
Abstract
Background: Theileriosis is a tick-borne disease that has a maximum impact on the health and economy of developing countries. A number of clinical manifestations have been found in animals affected with Theileria annulata. A similar trend has been observed in the therapeutic management of theileriosis, especially in cattle. Resistance to available treatment options is one of the significant concerns with theileriosis. Methods: The present study evaluated the in-vitro activity of moxifloxacin, the fluoroquinolone compound, against T. annulata in 96 well culture plates using resazurin dye. The histopaque method was used for the separation of infected and healthy PBMCs (Polymorph Blood Mononuclear Cells) for growth inhibition assay of T. annulata and cytotoxicity assay measurement, respectively. The hemolytic assay was also evaluated against normal bovine RBCs (red blood cells). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) values were measured and analyzed using a correlation and regression method. Result: The IC50 value of moxifloxacin was observed at 5,559 µM against in-vitro T. annulata. The CC50 value of cytotoxicity on PMBCs was found to be 3,984 µM. However, the HC50 value of hemolytic assay on bovine red blood cells was observed at 2,59,202 µM. The moxifloxacin showed a wide safety margin on red blood cells. Moxifloxacin can be further investigated in-vivo to determine its actual effect on T. annulata.
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