Population Pharmacokinetics of Sarafloxacin in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio Haematopterus) After One Single Oral Dose
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin following a single oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) in Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) reared at 24°C, and to provide a scientific basis for its rational use in aquaculture. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of six fish at each predetermined time point: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 46, 48, 92, 96, 120, and 144 h post-administration, using a sparse sampling design. Blood was collected only four times per fish, and six fish were sampled at each time point. Plasma concentrations of sarafloxacin were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the drug remained quantifiable in plasma up to 120 h post-administration. Population pharmacokinetic modeling was conducted using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling to characterize both the typical population parameters (fixed effects) and inter-individual variability (random effects). Covariate and covariance models were incorporated to account for variability and improve model predictability under sparse sampling conditions. The final population model estimated typical values (tv) and inter-individual coefficients of variation (CV%) for the absorption rate constant (tvKa), apparent volume of distribution (tvV), and clearance (tvCL) as 14.889 h-1 (CV: 3.04%), 31.573 L/kg (CV: 0.39%), and 2.885 L/h/kg (CV: 0.38%), respectively. Based on the calculated…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a clinical trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Phthalimide–Pyrimidine Hybrid Analogues to Thalidomide as Potent Antitubercular Agents
- Exploring the inhibitory performance of expired moxifloxacin and norfloxacin on copper corrosion in saline environment
- Molecular investigation of antimicrobial peptides against Helicobacter pylori proteins using a peptide-protein docking approach
- Screening of novel narrow-spectrum benzofuroxan derivatives for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis through in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches
- Synthesis, Characterization, Anticancer, Antioxidant, and In Silico Evaluation of Semicarbazides and Thiosemicarbazides
- Fast and accurate prediction of drug induced proarrhythmic risk with sex specific cardiac emulators
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.