Comparative Effects of Riboflavin-UVA and Rose Bengal-Green Light Cross-Linking on Corneal Neovascularization
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of riboflavin-ultraviolet A (RF/UVA) cross-linking (CXL) and rose bengal-green light (RB/green light) CXL on corneal neovascularization (CNV) in rat eyes.
Methods: Forty Wistar albino rats underwent CNV induction by corneal suture placement and were randomized into four groups: control, RF/UVA CXL, RB/green light CXL, and green light alone. Treatments were administered on day 3. Anterior segment (AS) photographs and AS-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images were obtained on days 0, 3, 7, and 14, with days 7 and 14 defined as endpoints. Right corneas were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor (LYVE-1), and CD68, along with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining and TUNEL assay. Left corneas were evaluated with ELISA for VEGF and CD68 levels.
Results: The least CNV area was observed in the RF/UVA group on days 7 and 14 (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). The RB/green light CXL group also demonstrated CNV area than the green light alone group on day 7 (P < 0.001). ELISA revealed significantly lower VEGF levels in all treatment groups compared with controls on day 7, whereas this reduction persisted only in the RF/UVA CXL group on day 14 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.049, respectively). VEGF and LYVE-1 immunostaining were significantly lower in the RF/UVA CXL group compared with the green light group at both time points.…
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