Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Togo: first reported cases and implications for tuberculosis control
Abstract
Objectives: The increasing burden of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) undermines global TB control efforts.
Methods: This was a case series study conducted from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2024, in the Department of Pulmonology at Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital.
Results: We report a series of three cases. Case 1: A 30-year-old man with a history of contact with an XDR-TB case was treated with a 20-month regimen. Culture conversion was achieved at the 3rd month of treatment. A complication in the form of pyopneumothorax occurred during the 6th month of therapy. Case 2: A 51-year-old patient with no significant medical history was diagnosed with XDR-TB after 4 months of treatment for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Conversion of follow-up cultures was achieved 2 months after modification of the treatment regimen. Case 3: A 62-year-old woman living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), previously treated for MDR-TB, developed XDR-TB during the course of treatment. The patient died on the 29th day of XDR-TB treatment.
Conclusions: XDR-TB is a curable disease. Early and accurate diagnosis allows for better selection of the most appropriate treatment strategy.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case series, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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