Central Nervous System Tuberculoma in Qatar: Clinical, Radiological, and Pathological Insights From a Rare Case With Literature Review
Abstract
Intracranial tuberculomas are an exceptionally rare manifestation of tuberculosis in Qatar and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region; their presentation can closely mimic other intracranial pathologies, posing diagnostic challenges. A 24-year-old Indian woman presented with headache and new-onset seizures, with a prior history of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Neuroimaging revealed multiple intracranial ring-enhancing lesions associated with surrounding edema and midline shift. Based on the clinical and radiological findings, anti-tuberculosis therapy was initiated promptly. Serial follow-up imaging demonstrated significant regression and eventual resolution of the lesions, correlating with clinical improvement. Intracranial tuberculomas remain rare in the GCC, often presenting with nonspecific neurological symptoms and atypical ring-enhancing brain lesions. Clinicians must maintain a high degree of suspicion, as early recognition and timely initiation of therapy are crucial to achieve complete lesion resolution and avoid invasive interventions.
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