Current progress in banana waste-derived adsorbents for eliminating pharmaceuticals from aqueous media: a review
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are an important class of micro-contaminants present in wastewater from various discharge sources. Treating contaminated water with these pollutants is a global concern for the protection of the environment and living organisms. The adsorption approach is a good option for this purpose because of its simplicity, affordability, and effectiveness. Banana waste-derived adsorbents are economical and effective substitutes for removing pharmaceutical pollutants. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the processing of banana waste into adsorbents for pharmaceuticals present in aqueous solutions, as no review has addressed this topic. The adsorption process was examined in terms of its mechanism, kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherms. Adsorbent recycling and their ability to be reused in treatment processes were also considered. Additionally, several research areas were identified, and suggestions for further studies were made.
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