Development and Evaluation of a Thermosensitive in Situ Ophthalmic Hydrogel of Moxifloxacin for Enhanced Ocular Retention and Sustained Drug Delivery
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop and evaluate a thermosensitive ocular in situ gel formulation of moxifloxacin for the treatment of bacterial eye infections with improved ocular residence time and sustained drug release. The formulations were prepared using Poloxamer 407 as a thermosensitive polymer, along with HPMC K4M and Carbopol 940 as viscosity-enhancing agents. The prepared formulations were evaluated for physicochemical parameters including appearance, pH, gelation temperature, viscosity, drug content, in-vitro drug release, ex-vivo corneal permeation, rheological properties, and stability studies. All formulations were found to be clear, with pH values within the acceptable ophthalmic range (6.5–7.4) and suitable gelation temperature close to physiological ocular temperature. The in-vitro drug release study demonstrated sustained drug release for up to 8 hours, with formulation F4 showing the highest cumulative drug release (94.5%). Ex-vivo permeation studies using goat cornea confirmed effective drug permeation across the corneal membrane, with formulation F1 exhibiting the highest permeation (82.12%) after 8 hours. Rheological evaluation indicated pseudoplastic (shear-thinning) behavior, which is desirable for ophthalmic drug delivery as it allows easy instillation while maintaining sufficient viscosity for prolonged ocular retention. Formulations containing Carbopol exhibited higher viscosity compared with HPMC-containing formulations due to stronger polymeric…
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