Comparative efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight reduction: A model-based meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials
Abstract
Aim Obesity is a global epidemic. The FDA has approved glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists such as Liraglutide, Semaglutide, and the GLP-1/gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) dual agonist Tirzepatide for the treatment of obesity. Clinical trials of GLP-1/GIP/glucagon(GCG) triple agonists are ongoing. This study compared the efficacy and safety profiles of different GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) for weight reduction and explored the related influencing factors, providing quantitative information for the development of GLP-1RAs and their clinical use. Methods This systematic review of public databases included placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials of GLP-1RAs. Time-course, dose-response, and covariate models were used to describe the efficacy characteristics and influencing factors of different GLP-1RAs. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore efficacy differences in receptor specificity. Meta-analyses compared the incidence of adverse event and dropout rates among different GLP-1RAs. Results Fifty-five studies involving 16,269 participants and 12 GLP-1RAs were included. Six drugs showed significant dose-response relationships. The maximum weight reduction effect ranged from 4.25 kg (Liraglutide) to 22.6 kg (Retatrutide). Reported onset times ranged from 6.4 weeks (Orforglipron) to 19.5 weeks (Tirzepatide). At 52 weeks, weight reduction effects were 7.03 kg, 11.07 kg, and 24.15 kg for mono-agonists, dual-agonists, and tri-agonists, respectively.…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 16,269 participants or records.
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