Physical Fitness with Exercise and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Treatment Alone or Combined After Diet-Induced Weight Loss: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Obesity
Abstract
Obesity is associated with impaired physical fitness, including physical functional performance and cardiorespiratory fitness, which affect health-related quality of life and mortality. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of a moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise program and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist treatment alone or in combination during weight maintenance for physical fitness. This is secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial involving 193 adults with obesity (age 18–65 years, body mass index 32–43 kg/m2) without diabetes mellitus who completed an 8-week low-calorie diet and were subsequently randomized (1:1:1:1 ratio) to: exercise plus placebo; glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide 3 mg once-daily plus usual activity; exercise plus liraglutide combined; or placebo plus usual activity. The exercise program was a combination of group sessions (interval-based indoor cycling followed by circuit training) and individual sessions of moderate-to-vigorous intensity, designed to meet the World Health Organization recommendations on physical activity for health. Exercise adherence was measured with sports watches and heart rate monitors. Key secondary endpoints related to physical fitness were changes from randomization to the end of treatment (weeks 0–52) in: (1) physical functional performance (time to ascend and descend an 11-step stairway twice); (2) cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption normalized to fat-free mass);…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a secondary / pooled analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 193 participants or records.
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