The association between self-efficacy and social support with physical activity in older adults: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Ageing is a natural biological process accompanied by a spectrum of physiological and psychological challenges. Regular physical activity is crucial for preserving health and functional capacity in older adults. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between physical activity levels, self-efficacy, and peer-based social support among adults aged 65–75 years in Rasht, northern Iran. A total of 550 individuals were recruited through systematic random sampling from comprehensive health centers. The participants completed the validated Persian versions of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Self-Efficacy for Physical Activity Questionnaire, and a peer-based social support scale. Statistical analyses were conducted via SPSS version 25. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression indicated that higher self-regulation scores, a key subdomain of self-efficacy, were significantly associated with greater physical activity levels (P < 0.001). Older adults with higher educational attainment engaged in significantly more physical activity (aOR = 2.10, P = 0.035), whereas those with activity-limiting conditions reported lower activity levels (aOR = 0.58, P = 0.003). Peer-based social support was positively correlated with self-efficacy but was not directly associated with physical activity. These findings can inform the development of targeted strategies in geriatric health promotion programs, emphasizing the enhancement of…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 550 participants or records.
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