The epigenetic influence of diet-induced gut microbiome changes in precision nutrition – a systematic review
Abstract
Aim: This systematic review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the existing literature on the epigenetic influence of diet-induced gut microbiome changes in the context of precision nutrition. Background: Diet influences gut microbiome composition, which regulates epigenetic modifications affecting inflammation, metabolism, and disease susceptibility. Precision nutrition seeks to personalize dietary strategies based on these interactions, yet the role of microbiome-driven epigenetic regulation remains under investigation. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in 2025 following PRISMA guidelines. Studies exploring the relationship between dietary interventions, gut microbiome composition, and epigenetic changes were identified via PubMed and Google Scholar. Thirty-five studies, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational research, met the inclusion criteria. Data on dietary interventions, microbial composition, epigenetic modifications, and health outcomes were synthesized. Results: Diets rich in fiber and polyphenols enhanced microbial diversity, increased short-chain fatty acid production, and positively influenced epigenetic markers related to metabolic health. In contrast, Western-style and high-fat diets were associated with gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and negative epigenetic changes linked to metabolic disorders. Dietary interventions impacted DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression, influencing long-term…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Bile Acid 7α-Dehydroxylating Gut Bacteria Secrete Antibiotics that Inhibit Clostridium difficile: Role of Secondary Bile Acids
- Ketogenic diet alleviates colitis by reduction of colonic group 3 innate lymphoid cells through altering gut microbiome
- Altered gut microbiome composition and function are associated with gut barrier dysfunction in healthy relatives of patients with Crohn's disease
- Diet, obesity, and the gut microbiome as determinants modulating metabolic outcomes in a non-human primate model
- Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research
- Glyphosate-based herbicides influence antioxidants, reproductive hormones and gut microbiome but not reproduction: A long-term experiment in an avian model
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.