The impact of dietary patterns on gut microbiota for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review
Abstract
Previous studies found that it is promising to achieve the protective effects of dietary patterns on cardiovascular health through the modulation of gut microbiota. However, conflicting findings have been reported on how dietary patterns impact gut microbiota in individuals either established or at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our systematic review aimed to explore the effect of dietary patterns on gut microbiota composition and on risk factors for CVD in these populations. We systematically searched seven databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINHAL (EBSCO), Web of Science, CNKI (Chinese), and Wanfang (Chinese), covering literature from inception to October 2024. Studies were included if they focused on adults aged 18 years and older with CVD or at least two CVD risk factors, implemented dietary pattern interventions, and incorporated outcomes related to microbiome analysis. The risk of bias for included studies was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB2) for randomized trials and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) for non-randomized studies. Changes in the relative abundance of the gut microbiome were summarized at various taxonomic levels, including phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the mean difference in cardiometabolic parameters pre- and post-intervention. Nineteen studies were identified, including 17 RCT…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 9 participants or records.
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