Impacts of Cesarean Section on Neonatal Gut Microbiome and Future Health Outcomes: A qualitative analysis of the literature
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of cesarean section delivery on the neonatal intestinal microflora compared to vaginal deliveries.
Design: A mini-systematic review.
Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was implemented, primarily using PubMed, to identify relevant studies published in English within the past ten years. Selected studies were appraised by three independent reviewers using JBI critical appraisal and data extraction forms. Four articles were included in the analysis, encompassing systematic reviews and a retrospective cohort study. Primary and secondary outcome data were combined across these studies.
Results: selected studies revealed consistent trends in bacterial colonization differences between cesarean and vaginal deliveries. Vaginally delivered infants exhibited higher populations of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides. Cesarean-delivered infants, on the other hand, showed greater colonization of Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Corynebacterium. Statistically significant differences were observed in two studies. All articles explored the potential health implications of these microbiome differences, with associations found between cesarean deliveries and various health outcomes.
Conclusion: This review demonstrates that cesarean section delivery influences the composition of the neonatal gut microbiota. The presence of certain bacterial species more…
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