RNA, Reuse, Recycle: The Analysis of Multiple Known Human Microbiome Communities Using Unmapped Next‐Generation Sequencing Data
Abstract
Research has revealed that the human microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining healthy physiology; microbiome compositional changes have been implicated in various physical and mental disease states. In recent years, a wealth of RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) data has accumulated in publicly accessible databases, and there is burgeoning evidence to suggest that this readily available data can be computationally exploited and repurposed for the secondary use of human microbiome characterisation. This study demonstrates the ability to extract and identify microbial signatures from existing RNA‐seq datasets that have been generated from various human body sites and that this nontargeted method yields comparable classification results to the established targeted methods. The predominant taxa (phylum, genus and species) observed at these body sites (gut, lung, skin and blood) were also predominant in numerous instances of prior research; this is key, as it demonstrates that accurate human microbiome taxonomic data can be generated from pre‐existing RNA‐seq datasets using a fraction of the resources and associated costs compared to the established targeted, sequencing‐based methods.
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