Impact of urbanization on gut microbiome mosaics across geographic and dietary contexts
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study provides a comprehensive assessment of how urban-rural divides influence gut microbial diversity and composition across the distinct geographical landscapes of Kazakhstan, elucidating the intricate interplay between lifestyle, environment, and gut microbiome. In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 651 participants from urban centers and rural settlements across Kazakhstan, following ethical approval and informed consent. Comprehensive demographic, dietary, and stool sample data were collected. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomics techniques were employed to delineate the intricate patterns of the gut microbiome. A rigorous statistical framework dissected the interplay between urbanization gradients, geography, dietary lifestyles, and microbial dynamics. Our findings demonstrate a stark microbial divide between urban and rural gut ecosystems. The study found significant differences in gut microbiome diversity and composition between urban and rural populations in Kazakhstan. Urban microbiomes exhibited reduced diversity, higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios, and increased prevalence of genera Coprococcus and Parasutterella. In contrast, rural populations had greater microbial diversity and abundance of Ligilactobacillus, Sutterella, and Paraprevotella. Urbanization also influenced dietary patterns, with urban areas consuming more salt, cholesterol, and protein, while rural areas had diets richer in carbohydrates and fiber. The study…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 651 participants or records.
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