Correlation Between Gut Microbiome and Mental Health Disorders: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
The gut microbiome, which consists of trillions of microorganisms living in the digestive tract, is increasingly recognized as an important factor influencing mental health. Through the gut–brain axis, these microbes can affect brain function, mood, and behavior. This study explored the relationship between gut microbiome composition and mental health disorders, particularly depression and anxiety. In this cross-sectional study, stool samples were collected from adults with depression, anxiety, and from healthy individuals. Microbial analysis was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and psychological symptom severity was measured using standard mental health assessment scales. Differences in microbial diversity and abundance were compared across groups, and correlations between specific bacteria and symptom severity were examined. Results showed that individuals with depression and anxiety had lower gut microbial diversity compared to healthy controls. Beneficial bacteria commonly linked to anti-inflammatory effects and healthy brain function were reduced, while some potentially harmful or inflammation-associated bacteria were increased. Several bacterial groups showed meaningful relationships with the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest that imbalances in gut microbiota may be associated with mental health disorders and support the role of the gut–brain axis in emotional well-being. Understanding these connections may help in developing…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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