Exploratory urinary microbiome and metabolome profiles in patients with calcium oxalate kidney stones: a pilot cross-sectional study
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Kidney stones represent a common urological disorder affecting approximately 14.8% of the global population, with calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones constituting nearly 80% of all cases. Recent studies have revealed a potential association between the gut microbiome and the risk of forming CaOx stones. Additionally, urinary microbiota has been implicated to influence stone development, although the relationship between urinary microbiota and urinary metabolites in patients with calcium oxalate kidney stones remains incompletely characterized.
METHODS
In this pilot cross-sectional study, we used 2bRAD sequencing for microbiome profiling (2bRAD-M) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics to characterize urinary microbial and metabolic features. We analyzed urine samples from a pilot cohort of 12 patients with calcium oxalate kidney stones and 10 healthy controls. Statistical analyses of microbial diversity and metabolomic profiles were conducted to explore between-group differences. To explore microbiome-metabolite associations, we performed Spearman correlation analysis with multiple-testing correction and provided stratified correlation heatmaps as supplementary analyses. This study is registered in the National Medical Research Registry filing system of China (https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn) (No. MR-37-23-016317).
RESULTS
Compared with healthy controls, patients with calcium oxalate kidney stones showed exploratory differences in…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 12 participants or records.
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