Infection Incidence, Timing, and Predictors in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Real- World Retrospective Cohort Study
Abstract
Abstract Background: Infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma (MM), particularly during the induction phase. Identifying real-world infection patterns and predictors is crucial for guiding preventive strategies. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 161 newly diagnosed MM patients who received standard induction therapy at a single tertiary center between 2016 and 2024. Clinical, laboratory, and infection-related parameters were analyzed over the first 12 months. Results: Infections occurred in 50.9% of patients, with the highest incidence within the first 3 months (27.3%, p = 0.004). Pneumonia was the most common type (34.1%), and gram-negative bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli , Klebsiella spp. , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , were predominant. Antibiotic resistance to TMP-SMX and levofloxacin was observed in E. coli isolates. Multivariate analysis identified advanced ISS stage (OR: 3.83), diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.64), and chronic kidney disease (OR: 6.01) as independent predictors of infection ( p p = 0.040), highlighting a possible early immune marker. Hospitalization was more common in patients with advanced ISS and kidney disease. No significant differences were found between induction regimens. Conclusion: Infections pose a significant burden during the first year of MM treatment, particularly in high-risk patients during early induction. Readily available clinical parameters can aid in early risk stratification.…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study with propensity score matching
- Levofloxacin-Induced Tendon Rupture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
- Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA)
- Neuroprotective Effects of Epicatechin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Quality evaluation and in vitro interaction studies between levofloxacin 250mg and diclofenac sodium 50mg tablets
- Molecular Epidemiology of mcr-1 -Positive Polymyxin B-Resistant Escherichia coli Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) in a Tertiary Hospital in Shandong, China
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.