Concurrent Tuberculosis and Influenza, South Korea
Abstract
To the Editor: The concurrence of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and influenza in immunocompetent hosts is rarely reported. Such concurrence could distract clinicians from diagnosing TB during an influenza epidemic. We describe 7 cases of concurrent active pulmonary TB and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection in South Korea.
At 2 teaching hospitals in Seoul, medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Among the 12,196 patients for whom A(H1N1)pdm09 infection was confirmed by real-time reverse transcription PCR from May 2009 through May 2011, a total of 7 (0.06%) were co-infected with newly diagnosed active pulmonary TB (Table). Patients who had a history of TB diagnosis were excluded.
Table
Case summary of concurrent active pulmonary TB and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection*
Among the 7 co-infected patients, 6 (85.7%) were <30 years of age. All but 1 patient, who had colon cancer, had been previously healthy. No patients had diabetes mellitus or HIV infection. One patient was a current smoker. For 5 patients, pulmonary TB was diagnosed within 1 week from the date of influenza diagnosis; initial chest radiographic findings were suggestive of active TB or pneumonia. Another 2 patients, for whom radiographic examination was not performed at the first visit, experienced worsening cough and blood-tinged sputum after improvement of influenza; laboratory tests for TB were performed, and pulmonary TB was diagnosed 17 days after the date of influenza diagnosis. For 4…
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