Risk factors for stroke-related pneumonia in patients with ischaemic stroke: A systematic evaluation and meta-analysis
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a frequent and severe complication occurring within the first week after a stroke, particularly in ischemic stroke (IS) patients. SAP is primarily driven by stroke-induced immune suppression, dysphagia, and impaired consciousness, leading to aspiration and subsequent pneumonia. Its incidence ranges from 3.9 % to 12 %, making it a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in stroke survivors. Despite previous studies identifying risk factors such as age, and dysphagia, the results have often been inconsistent due to methodological differences and the inclusion of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to provide a comprehensive and targeted analysis of SAP risk factors specific to IS patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis, with the goal of enhancing clinical risk assessment and prevention strategies.
METHODS
This study searched eight databases-PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang-for literature on risk factors for SAP in IS patients, with a timeframe of January 1, 2014, to April 6, 2024. Using Revman 5.4, the odds ratio values and 95 % confidence intervals for each collected risk factor were combined and analysed to explore the risk factors for the development of SAP in patients with ischemic stroke.
RESULTS
A total of 25 studies were included, involving 4,251,064 patients and 153,431 SAP patients. We identified 68 potential risk factors…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 4,251,064 participants or records.
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