The Role of Machine Learning in Predicting Hospital Readmissions Among General Internal Medicine Patients: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Hospital readmissions contribute significantly to healthcare costs. While traditional regression models for predicting 30-day readmission risk offer modest accuracy, machine learning (ML) presents an opportunity to capture complex relationships in healthcare data, potentially enhancing predictions. This review assesses the role of ML in predicting 30-day readmissions for general internal medicine admissions in the U.S. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a literature search of PubMed (2014-2023) was conducted using the keywords "artificial intelligence," "machine learning," and "readmission." The review focused on ML models predicting readmissions in general internal medicine patients in the U.S. Nine studies were reviewed, covering conditions like acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), pneumonia (PNA), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other general internal medicine cases. ML models such as artificial neural networks (ANN), random forests (RF), gradient boosting, logistic regression, and natural language processing (NLP) were used. ANN and RF models outperformed traditional regression methods, while NLP-based approaches showed limited success. Subgroup modeling provided marginal improvements in predictive accuracy. In conclusion, ML offers significant potential for improving 30-day readmission predictions by overcoming the limitations of traditional models. ANN and RF are…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study with propensity score matching
- Levofloxacin-Induced Tendon Rupture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
- Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA)
- Neuroprotective Effects of Epicatechin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Quality evaluation and in vitro interaction studies between levofloxacin 250mg and diclofenac sodium 50mg tablets
- Molecular Epidemiology of mcr-1 -Positive Polymyxin B-Resistant Escherichia coli Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) in a Tertiary Hospital in Shandong, China
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.