Fusarium oxysporum assisted green synthesis of small-sized silver nanoparticles for high antibacterial, and photocatalytic decolorization performances
Abstract
Background: Novel platforms using nanotechnology-based medicines have exponentially increased in our daily lives. The unique characteristics of metal oxide and noble metals nanoparticles make them suitable for different fields including antimicrobial agents, cosmetics, textiles, wound dressings, and anticancer drug carriers.
Methods: This study focuses on the biosynthesis of small-sized SNPs using exo-metabolites of Fusarium oxysporum via bioprocess optimization using Plackett-Burman (PBD) and central composite designs (CCD) while evaluating their multifaceted bioactivities.
Results: The successful biofabrication of smaller-sized SNPs with an average particle size of ~ 5 nm was achieved upon the bioprocess optimization. The developed SNPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for SNPs were 0.078 µg/ml (Escherichia coli), 0.156 µg/ml (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and 1.25 µg/ml (Enterococcus faecalis), while the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were correspondingly 0.156 µg/ml, 0.312 µg/l, and 1.25 µg/ml. SNPs-treated cells displayed bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects as revealed by time-kill assay and the ultrastructure changes observed in SEM and TEM analyses. The results marked the potent antioxidant activity of SNPs against DPPH, O2•-, H2O2, and OH-radicals with IC50 values of 74.3, 96.7, 116.6, and 167.9 µg/ml,…
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