Seasonal Distribution of Viral Pneumonia After COVID-19 and the Role of Hematological Markers in Assessing Pneumonia Severity: A Case–Control Study
Abstract
Background: Various studies have shown that viral pneumonia pathogens display distinct inflammatory profiles, and hematological indices, such as the Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Lymphocyte/Monocyte Ratio (LMR), and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), can serve as accessible markers of disease severity. Moreover, the seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses appears to have shifted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This retrospective case–control study was conducted on patients diagnosed with PCR-confirmed viral pneumonia in the emergency department of a tertiary care center between 1 January and 31 December 2024. The control group comprised age- and sex-matched individuals without viral pneumonia. Subjects with comorbidities or ongoing treatments potentially affecting hematological indices were excluded. Seasonal distribution of viral pathogens was recorded. Hematological and inflammatory parameters at admission—including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR)—were evaluated. The associations between these biomarkers, Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) scores, and hospitalization status were statistically analyzed. Results: In this study, it was determined that Influenza A/B was more common in winter (67.3%) and SARS-CoV-2 in summer (70.7%). The relationship between the Pneumonia Severity Index and hemogram parameters was examined in determining the severity of pneumonia. In SARS-CoV-2,…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study with propensity score matching
- Levofloxacin-Induced Tendon Rupture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
- Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA)
- Neuroprotective Effects of Epicatechin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Quality evaluation and in vitro interaction studies between levofloxacin 250mg and diclofenac sodium 50mg tablets
- Molecular Epidemiology of mcr-1 -Positive Polymyxin B-Resistant Escherichia coli Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) in a Tertiary Hospital in Shandong, China
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.