Prevalence and Outcomes of COVID-19 Pneumonia and Bacterial Pneumonia Co-Infection Among COVID-19 Patients Admitted in Cebu Velez General Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study
Abstract
Background. Studies on previous viral pandemics showed poorer outcomes of patients with concomitant bacterial infection. During the early period of COVID-19 pandemic, empiric antibiotic therapy is commonly given among COVID-19 patients despite lack of strong recommendations for its use.
Objectives. We determined the prevalence of bacterial co-infection and of empiric use of antibiotics among COVID-19 admissions. We also determined association between COVID-19 severity, ICU admissions, length of hospital stay, and mortality outcomes of those with and without bacterial co-infection.
Methods. A total of 159 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from April 2020 to April 2021 were analyzed in this cross-sectional chart review study. Data on empiric antibiotic administration and cultures taken within 3 days of admission were collected. Chi-square, Fischer-Exact, and T-tests were used to analyze the data.
Results. Empiric antibiotics were given in 94.97% of COVID-19 admissions with azithromycin as the most common agent. The prevalence of bacterial co-infection among COVID-19 admitted patients was 10%. There were higher ICU admissions and longer hospital stay among those with bacterial co-infection although it did not reach statistical significance. No mortality was seen among patients with bacterial co-infection.
Conclusion. There was a high use of empiric antibiotic treatment in hospitalized COVID-19 patients despite the low prevalence of bacterial co-infection among these cases.…
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