Clinical, Radiological and Bacteriological Profile of Community Acquired Pneumonia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Background: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly affecting individuals with comorbidities. Understanding the clinical presentation, radiological features, and bacteriological profile is essential for appropriate management and reducing mortality. Our aim is to evaluate the clinical, radiological, and bacteriological characteristics of patients admitted with community acquired pneumonia and to identify the prevalent causative microorganisms.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over one year involving 50 patients admitted with CAP at Government Dharmapuri Medical College Hospital. Patients aged above 12 years with clinical and radiological evidence of pneumonia were included. Detailed clinical evaluation, sputum culture, blood culture, chest radiography, and CT chest were performed.
Results: The study comprised 74% males and 26% females, with 62% of patients aged above 50 years.
Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common pathogen (56%), followed by Klebsiella (14%) and Staphylococcus (10%). Gram-positive organisms predominated (66%) over gram-negative organisms (22%).
Common risk factors included smoking (56%), COPD (50%), diabetes mellitus (42%), and alcoholism (44%).
Right lower lobe involvement was most frequent (32%). Hospital stay averaged 6-8 days, with 94% discharge rate and 6% mortality.
Conclusion: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the predominant pathogen causing CAP in our region.
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How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 50 participants or records.
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