Aspiration Risk Assessment in Alcohol-intoxicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study using the Simple Swallowing Assessment
Abstract
Introduction: Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is prevalent in Emergency Departments, yet the aspiration risk in alcoholintoxicated patients remains understudied. Aspiration can precipitate life-threatening pneumonia, particularly in patients with impaired protective reflexes.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of aspiration risk and identify clinical predictors in alcohol-intoxicated mild TBI patients using the Simple Swallowing Assessment (SSA) in a tertiary care Emergency Department.
Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months from January 2022 to June 2023 in the Emergency Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Karad, Maharashtra, India India. A total of 250 patients with TBI were screened; 187 patients with mild TBI {Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS): 13-15} and confirmed alcohol intoxication {Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) ≥0.08%} were included. Aspiration risk was assessed using the SSA. Demographic characteristics, injury mechanism, BAC, and clinical outcomes were recorded. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests for categorical associations, and logistic regression to identify independent predictors. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 was used.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 35.4±10.2 with 134 males. Overall aspiration prevalence was 15.7% {95% Confidence Interval (CI), 11.2%-20.2%}.…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 250 participants or records.
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