Risk of stroke or myocardial infarction hospitalisation following hospitalisation for community-acquired pneumonia in Portugal: a self-controlled case series study
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to assess the risk of cardiovascular hospitalisations (stroke or myocardial infarction (MI)) following a community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) hospitalisation in a large Portuguese administrative dataset. Design Self-controlled case series study. Setting We used hospitalisation data from National Health Service hospitals across Portugal between 2010 and 2018. Participants Adults hospitalised for both CAP and stroke/MI in Portugal during the 2010-2018 period (n=13 494, of which 10 400 with stroke and 3094 with MI). Primary and secondary outcome measures We considered CAP hospitalisation as the exposure (14-, 28- and 91-day exposure periods) and acute cardiovascular (stroke or MI) hospitalisations as the outcome. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed using a conditional Poisson regression (overall and by sex and age subgroups). Results Patients were mostly male and above 75 years. Stroke/MI hospitalisation incidence was higher following CAP, compared with the baseline period. Largest differences were observed in the 14-day period after discharge (IRR for stroke: 2.55, 95% CI: 2.33–2.80; IRR for MI: 3.23, 2.78–3.75), compared with the 28-day (IRR for stroke: 2.06, 1.92–2.22; IRR for MI: 2.62, 2.32–2.95) and 91-day periods (IRR for stroke: 1.37, 1.30–1.44; IRR for MI: 1.75, 1.60–1.91). A similar trend was observed for sex and age subgroups. Conclusions Our study shows an increased risk of stroke/MI for CAP patients, particularly during the first 2 weeks…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case series, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health. Reported size: 13 participants or records.
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