Overview of skin cancer types and prevalence rates across continents
Abstract
Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world, and its incidence and mortality rates are increasing continuously, mostly in regions with white-skinned inhabitants. The types of skin cancer vary in their origin and clinical appearances and also differ in their extensiveness. The continents of the world have different scenarios of skin cancer prevalence. This review aims to explore the different types of skin cancer, their clinical features, and their worldwide prevalence based on the literature. Literature from different electronic databases, including Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Elsevier, and Springer, were collected through a literature search using specific keywords such as “skin cancer”, “skin cancer types”, “melanoma”, “non-melanoma”, “skin cancer continental prevalence” or similar keywords. The search included English publications from 2000 to 2024. Melanoma skin cancer (MSC) ranks 17th in global prevalence, with the highest incidence and deaths occurring in Europe, However, Australia and New Zealand record the highest incidence and mortality rates. Asia has a lower incidence rate of melanoma, but a higher mortality rate. Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) is the most common type of MSC. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) have the highest incidence in North America, with the highest number of deaths occurring in Asia, Australia and New Zealand…
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