The global detection rate of human papillomavirus DNA in ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with high mortality rates despite advancements in treatment. Microbial infections play a significant role in inducing carcinogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in ovarian cancer cases worldwide. METHODS: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases from 2000 to 2024 using relevant keywords. Data were statistically analyzed using Stata software. RESULTS: After screening and data extraction, 25 original articles were included in the final analysis. The pooled estimate of HPV infection among ovarian cancer patients was 22.9% (95% CI, 15.8–32.1). Subgroup analyses showed the highest prevalence in studies from Asia (26.6%; 95% CI, 18.8–36.4) and Europe (20.9%; 95% CI, 7.2–47.3). HPV types 16 and 18 were the most frequent genotypes detected worldwide (40.2% and 25.9%, respectively). When stratified by diagnostic methods, PCR-based methods (including conventional, real-time, and nested PCR) showed a pooled HPV estimate of 18.9% (95% CI, 12.6–27.3), whereas in situ hybridization (ISH)-based studies reported a substantially higher estimate of 48.9% (95% CI, 34.9–63.1). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis indicates that HPV DNA may be detected in a proportion of ovarian cancer cases, with higher prevalence…
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