Prevalence of c-shaped canal morphology in premolar and molar teeth assessed by cone-beam computed tomography: systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Purpose: This systematic review aimed to investigate the prevalence of c-shaped canal in mandibular and maxillary premolars and molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the effect of factors (e.g., gender, geographic region and position in the jaw) on the prevalence of this anomaly.
Materials and methods: A search was conducted in 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus and web of science) and studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the prevalence of C-shaped canal using CBCT images until 2024. The I2 statistic was performed to determine heterogeneity and meta-analysis was conducted.
Results: Of 5548 studies, 101 studies were selected for meta-analysis based on inclusion criteria. The highest prevalence of c-shaped canal was in the mandibular second molar (17.3%) and the lowest prevalence was in the maxillary first molar (0.8%). The prevalence of c-shaped canal in the mandibular second molar was higher in women (Female: 23.6%, Male: 16.7%). C-shaped canal in the mandibular second molar was more common in Asian continent compared to other continents. The prevalence of C-shaped canals did not differ significantly in the mandibular second molar on the right and left sides (Right: 21.2%, Left: 23.1%).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this systematic review, the highest prevalence of c-shaped canal was in the mandibular second molar and it was more in Asian continent. Clinicians can consider the…
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