The fate of the complete female epispadias and exstrophy bladder--is there a difference?
Abstract
PURPOSE: Complete female epispadias, which occurs much more rarely than classic bladder exstrophy in females, is thought to have a more benign clinical course. We hypothesized that patients with complete female epispadias are more likely to have a larger bladder capacity and achieve voiding continence than females with classic bladder exstrophy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: After obtaining institutional review board approval, females with complete female epispadias or classic bladder exstrophy were identified from an institutionally approved prospective database. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 22 patients with complete female epispadias and 23 with female classic bladder exstrophy, including 3 with delayed primary closure.
RESULTS: Patients with complete female epispadias presented later and underwent the first reconstructive procedure at an older age than patients with classic bladder exstrophy. Patients with complete female epispadias had lower initial and final age adjusted bladder capacity than those with classic bladder exstrophy but the bladder growth rate did not differ between the groups. When patients with complete female epispadias were stratified by age at initial reconstruction, there was no difference in final age adjusted bladder capacity or the bladder growth rate. There was also no statistical difference between the groups in the number of surgeries, continence rate from initial reconstruction, bladder neck reconstruction success or need for a continent…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 22 participants or records.
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