A Proposed Taxonomy to Holistically Classify Employee Mental Health Programs: Qualitative Taxonomy Development Study
Abstract
Background: The number and diversity of employee mental health programs (EMHPs), solutions employers offer to their workforce to improve mental health, have expanded rapidly in recent years, driven by advancements in digital technology and increased global awareness of employee mental health. This dynamic has resulted in a diverse and nontransparent EMHP landscape. While existing taxonomies address specific aspects of mental health programs, a comprehensive taxonomy for classifying EMHPs in more detail remains absent. Establishing such a taxonomy would benefit researchers and practitioners by providing a common standard for categorizing EMHPs and thereby enhance transparency.
Objective: This research aimed to develop and evaluate a comprehensive taxonomy to holistically classify EMHPs, providing a practical and standardized tool for various target groups to categorize, develop, and select EMHPs.
Methods: A thorough taxonomy development process with 4 iterations was applied. The first 2 iterations used conceptual-to-empirical approaches and involved scoping reviews to identify relevant dimensions and characteristics of EMHPs. The latter 2 iterations used empirical-to-conceptual approaches and included semistructured qualitative interviews. The third iteration, involving employee interviews, aimed to identify further dimensions and characteristics of EMHPs to develop the initial taxonomy. During the fourth iteration, 17 international experts were interviewed to refine and…
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