Effect of perioperative oral care on postoperative pneumonia in thoracic surgery patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Postoperative pneumonia (POP) is a prevalent and serious complication following thoracic surgery, substantially increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative oral care (POC) in reducing the incidence of POP. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase from their inception through September 26, 2024. We included all observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the impact of POC on POP reduction. A total of 25 studies, involving 52,227 patients (24,964 in the POC group and 27,263 in the control group), were included in the final analysis, comprising 9 RCTs and 16 observational studies. The incidence of POP was 2,887 cases (11.6%) in the POC group, compared with 3,438 cases (12.6%) in the control group. The meta-analysis revealed that POC was associated with a significantly reduced incidence of POP in patients undergoing thoracic surgery (RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.44–0.67; p < 0.001; I² = 72%). In conclusion, POC significantly reduces the incidence of POP in thoracic surgery patients, and its integration into perioperative protocols may improve clinical outcomes.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 52,227 participants or records.
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