Comparison of Postural Control of Females with and without Urinary Incontinence: A Case-Control Study
Abstract
Background: So far, there is much less information about the effects of urinary incontinence on postural control. Therefore the aim of this study is to investigate the differences in postural control using linear and non-linear analyses of the center of pressure (COP) time-series in anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions between females with and without stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: This case-control study included 22 continent females and 22 SUI females. In this study, static postural control during four different postural tasks was evaluated using a force plate. All participants performed separate 60-sec standing trials with eyes open in the empty bladder and full bladder conditions. Mean, range, velocity, area circle of COP displacements, and approximate entropy (ApEn) of COP time-series were calculated from the 60-sec standing trials for all participants. The independent sample t-test was also used to compare COP variables between the two groups and paired sample t-test was used to assess changes between the full bladder and empty bladder conditions within each group. The effect size of Cohen's d was used to assess the magnitude of the differences between the two groups. Results: The findings revealed a significant group × task interaction for the mean of ML displacement and ApEn of COP. SUI females showed more AP displacement range in the full bladder (pvalue= 0.020, effect size=0.74) and a higher velocity (empty bladder: p=0.040, effect…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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