Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: Measuring Effect in Ounces, Pounds, and Tons
Abstract
Editorials1 February 1995Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: Measuring Effect in Ounces, Pounds, and TonsDonald E. Craven, MDDonald E. Craven, MDBoston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston City Hospital, Boston, MA 02118Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-3-199502010-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The idea that hospitals could be dangerous places emerged in the Middle Ages, when outbreaks of puerperal fever and typhus caused high mortality in infirmaries that were part of monasteries [1]. Even before the discovery of bacteria, Holmes and Semmelweis implicated health care workers in the transmission of puerperal fever; Nightengale and Farr emphasized that safe food and water and a clean environment could substantially reduce the rate of deaths caused by infection; and Simpson concluded that "hospitalism" contributed to patient death and illness [1]. In the 20th century, nosocomial infections have changed and their numbers have increased in response ...References1. LaForce FM. The control of infections in hospitals: 1750 to 1950. In: Wenzel RP, ed. Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections. 2d ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1993:1-12. Google Scholar2. Craven DE, Steger KA, Barber TW. Preventing nosocomial pneumonia: state of the art and perspectives for the 1990s. Am J Med. 1991;…
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