Antipsychotic drug use and pneumonia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of antipsychotic exposure to the incidence and mortality of pneumonia. Methods: The design of this study involved meta-analysis of observational studies identified from electronic databases. Results: In total, 19 studies were included in the systematic review and 14 in the meta-analysis. Risk of pneumonia was increased by first-generation antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.34–2.15; five studies), second-generation antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.93, 95% confidence interval 1.55–2.41; six studies) and all antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.83, 95% confidence interval 1.60–2.10; seven studies) compared with no antipsychotic use. Pneumonia risk did not differ in seven studies comparing first-generation antipsychotics with second-generation antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 0.85–1.35). Case fatality rate was not different in pneumonia cases associated with antipsychotic exposure versus cases without exposure (risk ratio 1.50; 95% confidence interval 0.76–2.96; two studies). All antipsychotics with data from ⩾2 studies allowing meta-analysis, were associated with a significantly increased pneumonia risk (i.e. haloperidol, olanzapine, clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine, zotepine). Conclusion: Exposure to both first-generation antipsychotics and second-generation antipsychotics is associated with an increased pneumonia risk. Clinicians need to be vigilant for the…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study with propensity score matching
- Levofloxacin-Induced Tendon Rupture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
- Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA)
- Neuroprotective Effects of Epicatechin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Quality evaluation and in vitro interaction studies between levofloxacin 250mg and diclofenac sodium 50mg tablets
- Molecular Epidemiology of mcr-1 -Positive Polymyxin B-Resistant Escherichia coli Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) in a Tertiary Hospital in Shandong, China
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.