Epidemiology and perioperative factors contributing to postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective Chinese study
Abstract
Abstract Background: Despite the existent studies investigating the risk factors for postoperative pneumonia (POP) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the comprehensive understanding of POP is constrained by the scarcity of epidemiological data. Objective: To investigate the epidemiology and contributing factors of POP in patients undergoing isolated CABG, and establish a prediction model. Design: A single center, retrospective case-control study. Setting: Seven cardiovascular surgery wards across three campuses of a large general hospital in Henan Province, Mid-China. Participants: Patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent isolated CABG between January 1, 2020 and November 30, 2023. Methods: Univariate and multivariate analyses with restricted cubic splines (RCS) were performed to identify factors that independently contributed to POP and explore the potential nonlinear relationships. The prediction model was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: POP occurred in 11.34% of patients (518/4569). A total of 416 pathogenic strains were isolated from 381 patients, predominantly Gram-negative bacteria (86.5%). Pathogen distribution varied annually and quarterly. Multivariate analyses indicated that age, diabetes mellitus, smoking, operative duration, red blood cell transfusion, and duration of mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with higher POP risk, whereas higher hemoglobin and total cholesterol levels indicated a…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 381 participants or records.
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