Investigation of Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter baumannii Outbreak at a Secondary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) are accused of high prevalence and ability to cause outbreaks in healthcare settings. The current work aimed to analyze one of the major K. pneumonia and A. baumannii outbreaks at a secondary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia including the identification of patients’ infectivity and mortality risk factors, antibiotic susceptibility test results of the bacterial isolates, and infection control measures employed to halt the outbreak. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to August 2022. Data were collected from the General Directorate of Infection Prevention and Control, Saudi Ministry of Health, and analysed using SPSS version 27. Results: 50 cases were affected by the outbreak, either infected with K. pneumonia or A. baumannii or co-infected with both organisms. Risk factors for particular infection among affected patients were the underlying diseases (p=0.026), length of pre-infection stay (p=0.004), and ICU stay (p=0.015). A. baumannii-infected patients have higher mortality rates (70.0%). K. pneumonia and A. baumannii demonstrate low sensitivity to 4 tested antibiotics including Amikacin, Gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and Tigecycline, the last resort antibiotic treatment. Conclusion: K. pneumonia and A. baumannii outbreaks were associated with a preventable clinical and financial burden. Active screening of…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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