Bacterial etiology, antimicrobial susceptibility, and clinical outcomes in cervicofacial space infections before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a 10-year single-centre study
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate epidemiological trends of cervicofacial space infections in Western China, including pathogen distribution, antimicrobial resistance, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pathogen susceptibility and patient outcomes.
METHODS: Clinical data from 542 hospitalized patients with severe cervicofacial space infections who underwent open surgery at a tertiary hospital over the past decade were analyzed. Data on bacterial strains, antibiotic susceptibility, drug resistance, and treatment outcomes were recorded. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, logistic regression, and multiple regression.
RESULTS: From January 2014 to June 2024, the annual number of hospitalized CFI cases declined initially but later increased. Bacterial growth was observed in 400 cases (73.8%). Based on the frequency of isolation in positive pus cultures, Streptococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp. were the most frequently identified organisms. The five antimicrobial agents with the highest in vitro susceptibility rates were levofloxacin (66.3%), vancomycin (63.8%), cefepime (61.0%), ceftriaxone (59.5%), and cefotaxime (58.5%). Compared to the pre-pandemic period, Patients treated during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods had higher odds of in-hospital complications than those treated during the pre-pandemic period (OR = 7.28, 95% CI:3.67 ~ 14.45; P < 0.001; OR = 4.96, 95% CI:2.16 ~ 11.41; P < 0.001), including pulmonary infections,…
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