Space as a Topological Soliton Medium: A Heuristic Framework for Unifying Wave-Particle Duality, Spin, and Fundamental Interactions
Abstract
Modern physics achieves extraordinary predictive accuracy through the Standard Model and quantum field theory, yet foundational ontological questions remain unresolved: What is the physical mechanism underlying wave-particle duality? Why does the point-particle assumption lead to mathematical divergences? Can the four fundamental interactions be understood through a unified spatial substrate? This paper proposes a heuristic ontological framework—the Space-as-Soliton hypothesis—constructed from three physical postulates: (i) photons as energetic mass points in uniform helical motion; (ii) space itself as a structured, elastic medium possessing physical reality and characterized by the gravitational constant, conceptually equivalent to the quantum vacuum or dynamical spacetime metric field; and (iii) electrons as photon mass points captured within self-rotating topological vortex defects (space solitons) executing closed S-type motion. We emphasize that the term "ether" is employed here strictly in the modern sense advocated by Einstein (1920) and Dirac (1951)—not as a nineteenth-century mechanical medium, but as a synonym for the quantum vacuum endowed with geometric and kinematic properties. The framework provides unified conceptual foundations for wave-particle duality (geometric periodicity of helical trajectories), spin (topological double-valuedness of S-type motion on SO(3)), charge (relative orientation of photon motion and soliton rotation), and atomic stability…
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