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Stationary ensemble approximations of dynamic quantum states: Optimizing the generalized Gibbs ensemble

Dries Sels, M. Wouters

Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics, 2014

8 citations

Abstract

In this work we investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of closed quantum systems. In particular we focus on the stationary properties of integrable systems. Here we show how a generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE) can be constructed as the best approximation to the time-dependent density matrix. Our procedure allows for a systematic construction of the GGE by a constrained minimization of the distance between the latter and the true state. Moreover, we show that the entropy of the GGE is a direct measure for the quality of the approximation. We apply our method to a quenched hard core Bose gas. Whereas a correlated GGE properly describes all stationary nonlocal correlations, a simple harmonic GGE is sufficient to completely describe reduced local states.

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