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High spatial resolution charge sensing of quantum Hall states

Cheng-Li Chiu, Tai-Ge Wang, Rui-Hua Fan, Kenji Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, Xiao-Meng Liu, M. Zaletel, A. Yazdani

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024

32 citations

Abstract

Significance Our method integrates scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) spectroscopy with a monolayer graphene detector in the integer quantum Hall regime, achieving sub-meV energy resolution (0.3 meV at 1.4 K) and spatial resolution at the magnetic length scale (10 nm at 6 T). By combining high energy and spatial precision while minimizing sample perturbation from the STM tip, this technique enables nonperturbative and highly sensitive electrostatic potential mapping. We demonstrate its potential by resolving the charge response of composite fermions to a single impurity and observing charge distribution consistent with Friedel oscillation of composite Fermi liquid. This approach paves the way for studying quantum Hall liquids and exotic quasiparticles, such as anyons, offering a transformative tool for condensed matter physics research.

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