Tailoring Phonon-Driven Responses in α-MoO3 through Isotopic Enrichment
Abstract
The implementation of polaritonic materials into nanoscale devices requires selective tuning of parameters to realize desired spectral or thermal responses. One robust material, α-MoO3, an orthorhombic crystal boasting three distinct phonon dispersions, provides three polaritonic dispersions of hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) across the mid-infrared (MIR). Here, the tunability of both optical and thermal responses in isotopically enriched α-MoO3 (98MoO3, Mo18O3, and 98Mo18O3) is explored. A uniform ∼5% spectral redshift from 18O enrichment is observed in both Raman- and IR-active TO phonons. Both the in- and out-of-plane thermal conductivities for the isotopic variations are reported. Ab initio calculations both replicate experimental findings and analyze the select-mode three-phonon scattering contributions. The HPhPs from each isotopic variation are probed with s-SNOM, and we report an HPhP Q-factor maxima increase in 98Mo18O3 of ∼50% along the [100] in the RB2 and ∼100% along the [001] in the RB3 with respect to 98MoO3. Observations in both real and Fourier space of higher-order HPhP modes propagating in slabs of isotopically enriched α-MoO3 without the use of a subdiffractional surface scatterer are presented here. This work establishes the dual-element isotope enrichment of α-MoO3 as an intrinsic strategy to design optical, thermal, and polaritonic properties.
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