Exploring baryon semileptonic decays through polarization and entanglement
Abstract
The unitarity of the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) matrix is a cornerstone of the standard model (SM). Precise tests of this unitarity require independent determinations of its elements, such as |Vus|, which governs the transition between strange and up quarks. Current measurements from kaon and tau decays show tensions that may hint at physics beyond the SM1, 2–3. Hyperon semileptonic decays provide alternative probes but have remained largely untapped because previous experiments lacked sufficient kinematic information, making the measurements insensitive to the relevant form factors4. Here we report measurements of the axial-vector and weak-magnetism couplings, as well as the first determinations of the absolute branching fraction and weak-electricity coupling in Λ→pe−ν¯e\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\Lambda \to {{\rm{pe}}}^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{{\rm{e}}}$$\end{document}, achieved by exploiting the polarization and quantum entanglement of ΛΛ¯\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$$\end{document} pairs produced at the J/ψ resonance. Combining our results with recent…
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