Computational and nanotechnology strategies for colorectal cancer detection and therapy: A narrative review and conceptual framework for magnesium–manganese nanoparticles
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of global cancer-related mortality, where patient prognosis is heavily dictated by the timing of detection. While CRC encompasses both colon and rectal malignancies, this narrative review focuses primarily on the early detection of colon tumors, which represent the majority of CRC cases and serve as a primary target for biomarker-driven strategies. Despite the utility of conventional screening methods such as colonoscopy, limitations regarding invasiveness and accessibility persist. This review synthesizes interdisciplinary progress from 2019 to 2025, highlighting how the convergence of computational biology and nanotechnology offers a promising path forward. Computational strategies, particularly machine learning and omics analysis, have accelerated the discovery of predictive biomarkers. In parallel, nanotechnology platforms—including gold nanoparticles and quantum dots—have emerged as high-sensitivity tools for biosensing. A central feature of this review is a conceptual framework on magnesium–manganese nanoparticles, which provides a theoretical framework for their dual roles as biosensors and imaging agents. This framework underscores the translational potential of combining in silico biomarker discovery with nanomaterial design. Finally, the review examines the hurdles to clinical translation and outlines a roadmap for using artificial intelligence-driven optimization to achieve precise, non-invasive early detection of…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a review, done in computer models (in silico), not in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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