Transversal fault tolerant distributed quantum computing operations
Abstract
Distributed architectures are a route to scalable quantum computing, but the performance of fault-tolerant operations across noisy inter-module links remains poorly characterized. We present circuit-level simulations of two key distributed primitives: transversal non-local CNOT and logical teleportation using surface and bivariate-bicycle codes. We then simulate the use of these distributed primitives in a major subroutine of common quantum algorithms. The results, enabled by our scalable library Transversal Multiple Code Block Simulator, demonstrate that on appropriate devices distributed qLDPC transversal operations can outperform surface code lattice surgery and enable efficient parallel computation with lower Bell pair consumption. Notably, we find that the non-local CNOT achieves up to an order of magnitude lower logical error rates than teleportation at the same code distance and noise levels. We further show that code distances of d ≈ 11 at physical error rate p ~ 10−4 and d ≈ 29 at p ~ 10−3, with pebit = 10p, are sufficient to achieve logical error rates below 10−12, enabling large-scale algorithms. These results provide critical guidance for architecture and code selection in distributed quantum computing. Scalable quantum computers may be built by linking smaller modules, but errors on the connections pose a challenge. Here, authors simulate fault-tolerant operations across noisy links, showing distributed quantum computing can achieve very low error rates and…
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