Spatiotemporal Prediction of Cosmic-Ray Density for Satellite Communication Systems Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Abstract
Cosmic rays represent a significant environmental hazard for modern internet satellite systems, as their interaction with onboard electronics can induce several critical effects, including single-event upsets, total ionizing dose accumulation, electronic noise, signal interference, and long-term degradation of power systems. Accurate characterization of cosmic-ray intensity variations with altitude and time is therefore essential for assessing radiation risks and improving the reliability of space-based communication infrastructure. In this study, a physics-informed neural network (PINN) framework is developed to model the spatiotemporal variation of cosmic-ray intensity by integrating governing physical equations with observational data from the Neutron Monitor Database (NMDB). Two complementary PINN models are constructed. The first model predicts the variation of cosmic-ray intensity with altitude over a range of approximately 4000 m, while the second model captures the short-term temporal evolution of cosmic-ray intensity over 3 days. By embedding physical constraints into the learning process, the proposed framework ensures physically consistent predictions while effectively leveraging observational data. The altitude-dependent model achieved a low prediction error with a mean squared error (MSE) of 9.5 × 10⁻⁴, whereas the temporal model produced an MSE of 3.12 × 10⁻², demonstrating the capability of the proposed approach to accurately capture both spatial and temporal…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Preliminary Toxicity Analysis of 3DCRT versus IMRT on the High Dose Arm of the RTOG 0126 Prostate Cancer Trial
- Adaptive Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: Initial Clinical Outcomes from a Prospective Trial
- American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group 263: Standardizing Nomenclatures in Radiation Oncology
- Motion Management Strategies and Technical Issues Associated with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy of Thoracic and Upper Abdominal Tumors: A Review from NRG Oncology
- High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy as a monotherapy for localized prostate cancer: treatment description and preliminary results of a phase I/II clinical trial
- Highly efficient training, refinement, and validation of a knowledge-based plan quality control system for radiotherapy clinical trials
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.