WITHDRAWN: A physics-informed neural network surrogate for multi-band reflection-loss prediction of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer / Ti-6Al-4V ELI radar absorbing materials for UAV airframe integration
Abstract
Abstract Radar absorbing materials (RAM) are critical for stealth performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), but their design typically requires expensive parametric sweeps over frequency, incidence angle, and material thickness. This work presents a physics-informed neural network (PINN) surrogate model for rapid prediction of reflection loss (RL) of a metal-backed carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) absorber over the 2–18 GHz band and 0–80° transverse-electric (TE) incidence range. The model uses random Fourier feature embedding to mitigate spectral bias, combined with physics-based monotonicity and angular boundary regularization. Trained on a transfer matrix method (TMM) reference dataset of 6,400 samples in 42 s on a single CPU, the surrogate achieves a root-mean-square error of 0.22 dB and mean absolute error of 0.12 dB against the analytical baseline. Multi-band thickness optimization identifies the quarter-wave optima at S-band (3.9 mm, RL=-4.64 dB ), X-band (1.9 mm, RL=-8.93 dB ), and Ku-band (1.5 mm, -11.31 dB ). Practical structural integration of the CFRP / Ti-6Al-4 V ELI bilayer onto medium-altitude long-endurance UAV airframes is assessed quantitatively, demonstrating mass overheads of 1.3–8.5% for the Ku-band design. The proposed framework provides a computationally efficient pathway for coupled material and structural UAV design.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Preliminary Toxicity Analysis of 3DCRT versus IMRT on the High Dose Arm of the RTOG 0126 Prostate Cancer Trial
- Adaptive Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: Initial Clinical Outcomes from a Prospective Trial
- American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group 263: Standardizing Nomenclatures in Radiation Oncology
- Motion Management Strategies and Technical Issues Associated with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy of Thoracic and Upper Abdominal Tumors: A Review from NRG Oncology
- High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy as a monotherapy for localized prostate cancer: treatment description and preliminary results of a phase I/II clinical trial
- Highly efficient training, refinement, and validation of a knowledge-based plan quality control system for radiotherapy clinical trials
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.