Sensitive electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of epinephrine and norepinephrine by SiO2NP@MWCNT-COOH nanoparticle-modified SPCEs
Abstract
Epinephrine (EP) and norepinephrine (NEP), both neurotransmitters, are two important biomolecules that play critical roles in the body, from the central nervous system to metabolic processes. They are also important biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and monitoring. In this study, a novel, fast, practical, and high-performance electrochemical sensor based on a SiO2NP@MWCNT-COOH nanocomposite was developed for the simultaneous determination of EP and NEP. The nanocomposite was modified onto the surface of screen-printed electrodes (SPCEs) and its characterization was performed (SEM-EDX, XRD, FTIR, CV, DPV, and EIS). The individual and simultaneous determinations of EP and NEP were performed using square-wave voltammetry, yielding a wide linear range and low detection limits. The developed sensor successfully measured EP-NEP levels simultaneously in commercial human blood serum samples with high recovery rates. Analysis of selectivity and shelf-life demonstrated that the proposed sensor exhibited high selectivity and stability. While further validation with real clinical samples is required, this nanocomposite-based electrochemical sensor provides promising proof-of-concept for potential future use in rapid and reliable point-of-care applications.
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